Mangrove Forest
One function of mangrove forests as a buffer to maintain the shoreline in order to remain stable. Mangrove Forests can prevent sea erosion due to its ability in accelerating the expansion of land. On the other hand, the mangrove forest is also the most productive coastal ecosystems to be used as shrimp ponds. Especially for traditional pond.

Isolated patches of mangrove growing in semi-permanent saltwater. Source: https://www.avianreport.com/mangrove-forest/
In order for the construction of shrimp ponds can run and preservation of mangrove forests can be maintained it would require the construction of shrimp farms are environmentally sound. In selecting the location of the pond, things to note is the knowledge about the type of beach area that will serve as the location of shrimp farms.

Broadly speaking, land aquaculture can be divided into two fishponds are influenced by tidal (intertidal) and land ponds that are not influenced by tidal (supratidal). The hallmark of the intertidal area of ​​the flooded area during high tide would otherwise be bronzed and dry at low tide.

Intertidal Area
Intertidal area is generally covered by mangrove forest primary. If you want to build shrimp farms in the intertidal area, it is highly recommended in locations that are still brackish water. Despite the low productivity potential, but if its management is done well, especially the improvement of hydrological, then it can turn into a potential pond area.

Excess use of intertidal areas for pond construction site is in terms of income and expenditure of water that can be done by gravity. Especially for traditional farms that still use simple technology. When the tide, the water put into storage by opening the floodgates. Then at low tide gate was closed so that water can be accommodated for the flood embankment.

Supratidal Area
Supratidal area is an area that is not influenced by tides, but still can reach the highest high tide which usually happens once a year. Use of land for development in the region supratidal ponds require relatively high cost due to putting water into the pond needed additional equipment (pumps).

Cultivation is applied to this area should be done intensively in order to cover production costs are high. Intertidal area has the advantage on the clay soil texture, clay, and slightly sandy or a combination of all three. So when making this area of ​​the pond is completed, fry can be stocked directly without any risk of leakage.
Posted by at 1 comment:
Labels:
IMNV (Infectious Mionecrosis Virus) is a disease found in the white shrimp. The disease was first discovered in Brazil and the coast of South America in 2003. When first attacked, productivity white shrimp in Brazil declined very sharply. Over time IMNV disease a scourge that was greatly feared by the white shrimp farmers worldwide.
IMNV on White Shrimp. Source: http://gis.bkipm.kkp.go.id/edis/upload/20150225114758imnv.jpg
Dispersal and Disease Transmission
IMNV disease primarily spread by the host who had previously been carrying the virus IMNV. Recent research states that the IMNV is a type of virus R-NA. The nature of the R-NA is much simpler than the D-NA makes this virus can survive without a host for 60 days; compared with Whitespot (WSSV) which can only live for 3 hours if without a host. Diameter size of this virus is 40 nm, 1 / 8 times smaller than the Whitespot.

IMNV infected shrimp that have been marked with white as cotton in the third or fourth segment, will now grow up to the sixth segment. If you have severe then most of the affected segment of the shrimp will look red and cause death.

Trigger factors of IMNV
Based on experience, IMNV vicious attack in the pond if the water quality is not stable. Highly fluctuating temperature changes was allegedly a major cause of the spread and transmission of the IMNV. Ponds with stable quality will be more resistant to attack IMNV than ponds with an unstable water quality.

Disease prevention and handling of IMNV
Shrimp that have been stricken with the disease will usually be pulled over to the edge of the pond and is characterized by the onset of the color white as cotton in the 3rd segment. The most effective way to prevent the occurrence of disease IMNV is to implement a good Biosecurity. The selection and fries stocking of disease-free is one way to minimize the incidence of IMNV.

 Disinfection of water going into the pond should always be done in order to kill the host which may spread IMNV, due to its extremely small size, then the double filtering with a filter having a size smaller than 40 nm are also required to be done. Given this IMNV free living virus could reach 60 days it is expected that the already disinfected water is collected in ponds reservoirs as long as possible before it is released into the pond.

Increased endurance shrimp with extra vitamins and immunostimulants application can be done to reduce stress factor. Good water quality management and water quality carefully in order to remain stable is a key factor in order to prevent attacks IMNV disease. The last way is to reduce the stocking density. By reducing the stocking density of solid means give more space to live on the shrimp so that it will reduce stress factors. Conversely, when densely stocking the higher the risk of stress on the larger shrimp will thus be more susceptible to disease attack.
Posted by at 1 comment:
Labels: